https://croatianschoolsydney.com/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=DromeosauridiDromeosauridi - Povijest promjena2026-08-09T21:15:44ZPovijest promjena ove stranice na wikijuMediaWiki 1.36.2https://croatianschoolsydney.com/index.php?title=Dromeosauridi&diff=404666&oldid=prevWikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{izdvojeni članak(.*?)}} +)2022-01-02T04:38:00Z<p>Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{izdvojeni članak(.*?)}} +)</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--'''Dromeosauridi'''--><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{izdvojeni članak|travanj 2011.}}</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--'''Dromeosauridi'''--></div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://croatianschoolsydney.com/index.php?title=Dromeosauridi&diff=330752&oldid=prevWikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)2021-11-16T23:15:39Z<p>Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Dromeosauridi''' (Dromaeosauridae) su porodica [[ptice|pticama]] sličnih [[teropodi|teropoda]]. Bili su male do srednje veličine, imali su [[pero|perje]] i bili su [[mesožder]]i. Najviše su se raširili u periodu [[Kreda (geološko razdoblje)|krede]]. Često se nazivaju '''raptorima'''<ref>{{<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cite book </del>| title=Deep Alberta: Fossil Facts and Dinosaur Digs | author=Acorn, J.| year=2007| pages=13| publisher=University of Alberta Press | isbn=0888644817}}</ref> (po ''[[Velociraptor]]u''), terminom populariziranom u filmu ''[[Jurski park]]''. Naziv Dromaeosauridae znači "trčeći gušteri", od [[Grčki jezik|grčkog]] ''dromeus'' (''δρομευς'') - "trkač" i ''sauros'' (''σαυρος'') - "gušter".</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Dromeosauridi''' (Dromaeosauridae) su porodica [[ptice|pticama]] sličnih [[teropodi|teropoda]]. Bili su male do srednje veličine, imali su [[pero|perje]] i bili su [[mesožder]]i. Najviše su se raširili u periodu [[Kreda (geološko razdoblje)|krede]]. Često se nazivaju '''raptorima'''<ref>{{<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Citiranje knjige </ins>| title=Deep Alberta: Fossil Facts and Dinosaur Digs | author=Acorn, J.| year=2007| pages=13| publisher=University of Alberta Press | isbn=0888644817}}</ref> (po ''[[Velociraptor]]u''), terminom populariziranom u filmu ''[[Jurski park]]''. Naziv Dromaeosauridae znači "trčeći gušteri", od [[Grčki jezik|grčkog]] ''dromeus'' (''δρομευς'') - "trkač" i ''sauros'' (''σαυρος'') - "gušter".</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fosili dromeosaurida su pronađeni u [[Sjeverna Amerika|Sjevernoj Americi]], [[europa|Europi]], [[Afrika|Africi]], [[Japan]]u, [[Kina|Kini]], [[Mongolija|Mongoliji]], na [[Madagaskar]]u, [[argentina|Argentini]] i na [[Antarktik]]u.<ref name="caseetal2007">Case, J.A., Martin, J.E., and Reguero, M. (2007). "A dromaeosaur from the Maastrichtian of James Ross Island and the Late Cretaceous Antarctic dinosaur fauna." Pp. 1–4 in Cooper, A., Raymond, C., and Team, I.E. (eds.), ''Antarctica: a Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences'', U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047, SRP 083. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.</ref> Prvi put su se pojavili sredinom perioda [[Jura (geološko razdoblje)|jure]], prije 167 milijuna godina i preživjeli su do kraja perioda krede prije 65,5 milijuna godina, što znači da su preživjeli preko 100 milijuna godina dok nisu izumrli zajedno s ostalim dinosaurima. Prisustvo dromeosaura čak sredinom jure potvrđeno je otkrićem izoliranih [[fosil]]nih [[zub]]a, ali ni jedan potpun skelet dromeosaurida iz ove epohe nikada nije pronađen.<ref name="metcalfetal1992">{{cite journal | author = Metcalf, S.J., Vaughan, R.F., Benton, M.J., Cole, J., Simms, M.J. and Dartnall, D.L. | year = 1992 | title = A new Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) microvertebrate site, within the Chipping Norton Limestone Formation at Hornsleaslow Quarry, Gloucestershire | journal = Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association | volume = 103 | pages = 321–342 | doi = 10.1016/S0016-7878(08)80129-0 }}</ref></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fosili dromeosaurida su pronađeni u [[Sjeverna Amerika|Sjevernoj Americi]], [[europa|Europi]], [[Afrika|Africi]], [[Japan]]u, [[Kina|Kini]], [[Mongolija|Mongoliji]], na [[Madagaskar]]u, [[argentina|Argentini]] i na [[Antarktik]]u.<ref name="caseetal2007">Case, J.A., Martin, J.E., and Reguero, M. (2007). "A dromaeosaur from the Maastrichtian of James Ross Island and the Late Cretaceous Antarctic dinosaur fauna." Pp. 1–4 in Cooper, A., Raymond, C., and Team, I.E. (eds.), ''Antarctica: a Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences'', U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047, SRP 083. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.</ref> Prvi put su se pojavili sredinom perioda [[Jura (geološko razdoblje)|jure]], prije 167 milijuna godina i preživjeli su do kraja perioda krede prije 65,5 milijuna godina, što znači da su preživjeli preko 100 milijuna godina dok nisu izumrli zajedno s ostalim dinosaurima. Prisustvo dromeosaura čak sredinom jure potvrđeno je otkrićem izoliranih [[fosil]]nih [[zub]]a, ali ni jedan potpun skelet dromeosaurida iz ove epohe nikada nije pronađen.<ref name="metcalfetal1992">{{cite journal | author = Metcalf, S.J., Vaughan, R.F., Benton, M.J., Cole, J., Simms, M.J. and Dartnall, D.L. | year = 1992 | title = A new Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) microvertebrate site, within the Chipping Norton Limestone Formation at Hornsleaslow Quarry, Gloucestershire | journal = Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association | volume = 103 | pages = 321–342 | doi = 10.1016/S0016-7878(08)80129-0 }}</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Velociraptor 28-12-2007 15-06-24.jpg|thumb|left|Postavljeni skelet vrste ''Velociraptor mongoliensis'']]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Velociraptor 28-12-2007 15-06-24.jpg|thumb|left|Postavljeni skelet vrste ''Velociraptor mongoliensis'']]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Prepoznatljiva laka građa dromeosaurida potpomogla je ponovnu pojavu mišljenja da su barem neki dinosauri bili aktivni, brzi i u bliskom srodstvu s pticama. Ilustracija [[Robert Bakker|Roberta Bakkera]] za monograf [[John Ostrom|Johna Ostroma]] iz [[1969.]] godine,<ref name="ostrom1969"/> koja prikazuje dromeosaurida ''[[Deinonychus]]a'' u brzom trku, je među najutjecajnijim paleontološkim rekonstrukcijama u [[povijest]]i.<ref name="Paul06">Paul, Gregory S. (2006) "Drawing Dinosaurs"(2006). "Geotimes", January 2006. http://www.geotimes.org/jan06/feature_drawingdinos.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502162556/http://www.geotimes.org/jan06/feature_drawingdinos.html |date=2. svibnja 2008. }}</ref> Građa dromeosaurida uključuje i relativno veliku lubanju, nazubljene zube, usku njušku i naprijed okrenute oči koje ukazuju na neki stupanj binokularnog vida.<ref name="makovickyetal2005">{{cite journal | last1 = Makovicky | first1 = Peter J. | last2 = Apesteguía | first2 = Sebastián | last3 = Agnolín | first3 = Federico L. | year = 2005 | title = The earliest dromaeosaurid theropod from South America | url = | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7061| pages = 1007–1011 | doi = 10.1038/nature03996 | pmid=16222297}}</ref> Dromeosauridi su, kao i većina ostalih teropoda, imali srednje dug [[vrat]] oblika slova "S", a njihov trup bio je relativno kratak i dubok. Kao i ostali pripadnici [[Maniraptora]], oni su imali duge [[ruka|ruke]] koje su se kod nekih vrsta mogle sklopiti prema tijelu, kao i relativno velike šake s tri duga prsta (srednji prst je bio najduži, a prvi najkraći) koji su završavali s tri velike pandže.<ref name ="dinosauria04">{{<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cite book</del>|title=The Dinosauria |edition=2nd |year=2004 |chapter= Dromaeosauridae |editor=Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., Osmólska, H. |author=Norell, M.A., and Makovicky, P.J. |pages=196–210| location=Berkeley|publisher=University of California Press|isbn= 0-520-24209-2}}</ref> Dromeosauridi su na drugom nožnom prstu imali veliku zakrivljenu pandžu. [[Rep]] im je bio vitak s dugim kralješcima, kojima su nakon 14. repnog kralješka nedostajali poprečni nastavci (lat. ''processus transversus'') i neuralne kralješne bodlje.<ref name="dinosauria04"/></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Prepoznatljiva laka građa dromeosaurida potpomogla je ponovnu pojavu mišljenja da su barem neki dinosauri bili aktivni, brzi i u bliskom srodstvu s pticama. Ilustracija [[Robert Bakker|Roberta Bakkera]] za monograf [[John Ostrom|Johna Ostroma]] iz [[1969.]] godine,<ref name="ostrom1969"/> koja prikazuje dromeosaurida ''[[Deinonychus]]a'' u brzom trku, je među najutjecajnijim paleontološkim rekonstrukcijama u [[povijest]]i.<ref name="Paul06">Paul, Gregory S. (2006) "Drawing Dinosaurs"(2006). "Geotimes", January 2006. http://www.geotimes.org/jan06/feature_drawingdinos.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502162556/http://www.geotimes.org/jan06/feature_drawingdinos.html |date=2. svibnja 2008. }}</ref> Građa dromeosaurida uključuje i relativno veliku lubanju, nazubljene zube, usku njušku i naprijed okrenute oči koje ukazuju na neki stupanj binokularnog vida.<ref name="makovickyetal2005">{{cite journal | last1 = Makovicky | first1 = Peter J. | last2 = Apesteguía | first2 = Sebastián | last3 = Agnolín | first3 = Federico L. | year = 2005 | title = The earliest dromaeosaurid theropod from South America | url = | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7061| pages = 1007–1011 | doi = 10.1038/nature03996 | pmid=16222297}}</ref> Dromeosauridi su, kao i većina ostalih teropoda, imali srednje dug [[vrat]] oblika slova "S", a njihov trup bio je relativno kratak i dubok. Kao i ostali pripadnici [[Maniraptora]], oni su imali duge [[ruka|ruke]] koje su se kod nekih vrsta mogle sklopiti prema tijelu, kao i relativno velike šake s tri duga prsta (srednji prst je bio najduži, a prvi najkraći) koji su završavali s tri velike pandže.<ref name ="dinosauria04">{{<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Citiranje knjige</ins>|title=The Dinosauria |edition=2nd |year=2004 |chapter= Dromaeosauridae |editor=Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., Osmólska, H. |author=Norell, M.A., and Makovicky, P.J. |pages=196–210| location=Berkeley|publisher=University of California Press|isbn= 0-520-24209-2}}</ref> Dromeosauridi su na drugom nožnom prstu imali veliku zakrivljenu pandžu. [[Rep]] im je bio vitak s dugim kralješcima, kojima su nakon 14. repnog kralješka nedostajali poprečni nastavci (lat. ''processus transversus'') i neuralne kralješne bodlje.<ref name="dinosauria04"/></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Deinonychus BW-2.png|thumb|right|Ilustracija vrste ''Deinonychus antirrhopus'']]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Deinonychus BW-2.png|thumb|right|Ilustracija vrste ''Deinonychus antirrhopus'']]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Rahonavis BW.jpg|thumb|left|''Rahonavis ostromi'', dromeosaurid isprva svrstan među ptice, možda je mogao letjeti.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:Rahonavis BW.jpg|thumb|left|''Rahonavis ostromi'', dromeosaurid isprva svrstan među ptice, možda je mogao letjeti.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sposobnost letenja i jedrenja je dugo predlagana za barem dvije vrste dromeosaurida. Prvi, ''[[Rahonavis|Rahonavis ostromi]]'' (isprva svrstan kao ptica, ali u kasnijim istraživanjima kao dromeosaurid<ref name = "makovickyetal2005"/><ref name="norelletal2006"/>), je možda bio sposoban za aktivni let, zbog dugih prednjih udova s dokazima kvržica za dugo i izdržljivo letno perje.<ref name = "forsteretal1998a">{{cite journal|last=Forster|first=Catherine A.|coauthors= Sampson, Scott D.; Chiappe, Luis M. & Krause, David W.|year=1998a|title=The Theropod Ancestry of Birds: New Evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|volume=279|issue=5358|pages=1915–1919|doi=10.1126/science.279.5358.1915|pmid=9506938}}. (HTML abstract).</ref> Prednji udovi ''Rahonavisa'' bile su snažnije građe od ''Archaeopteryxovih'' i postoje dokazi da su postojali snažni mišići za njihovo pokretanje. Luis Chiappe je zaključio da je, uz ove prilagodbe, ''Rahonavis'' vjerojatno mogao letjeti, ali bi bio nespretniji od današnjih ptica.<ref name="chiappe2007">{{<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cite book</del>|last=Chiappe|first= L.M.|title=Glorified Dinosaurs: The Origin and Early Evolution of Birds|location=Sydney|publisher=UNSW Press|isbn=0471247235}}</ref></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Sposobnost letenja i jedrenja je dugo predlagana za barem dvije vrste dromeosaurida. Prvi, ''[[Rahonavis|Rahonavis ostromi]]'' (isprva svrstan kao ptica, ali u kasnijim istraživanjima kao dromeosaurid<ref name = "makovickyetal2005"/><ref name="norelletal2006"/>), je možda bio sposoban za aktivni let, zbog dugih prednjih udova s dokazima kvržica za dugo i izdržljivo letno perje.<ref name = "forsteretal1998a">{{cite journal|last=Forster|first=Catherine A.|coauthors= Sampson, Scott D.; Chiappe, Luis M. & Krause, David W.|year=1998a|title=The Theropod Ancestry of Birds: New Evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|volume=279|issue=5358|pages=1915–1919|doi=10.1126/science.279.5358.1915|pmid=9506938}}. (HTML abstract).</ref> Prednji udovi ''Rahonavisa'' bile su snažnije građe od ''Archaeopteryxovih'' i postoje dokazi da su postojali snažni mišići za njihovo pokretanje. Luis Chiappe je zaključio da je, uz ove prilagodbe, ''Rahonavis'' vjerojatno mogao letjeti, ali bi bio nespretniji od današnjih ptica.<ref name="chiappe2007">{{<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Citiranje knjige</ins>|last=Chiappe|first= L.M.|title=Glorified Dinosaurs: The Origin and Early Evolution of Birds|location=Sydney|publisher=UNSW Press|isbn=0471247235}}</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:MicroraptorGui-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|right|Fosli vrste ''[[Microraptor|Microraptor gui]]'' s otiscima perja na krilima.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Datoteka:MicroraptorGui-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|right|Fosli vrste ''[[Microraptor|Microraptor gui]]'' s otiscima perja na krilima.]]</div></td></tr>
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