Remingtonocetidae - Povijest promjena

WikiSysop: file->datoteka

2022-05-07T21:04:03Z

file->datoteka

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 21:04, 7. svibnja 2022.
Redak 26:		Redak 26:
	Što se tiče postkranijalnog kostura, vratni su kralješci bili su relativno dugi, a [[križna kost]] se sastojala od četiri kralježka, od kojih su barem tri srasla. Acetabularni usjek (''Incisura acetabuli'') bio je uzak ili zatvoren, a na zaobljenom dijelu [[bedrena kost\|bedrene kosti]] (''caput femoris'') ''fovea capitis femoris'' nije postojala.<ref name="Gingerichetal-2001" />		Što se tiče postkranijalnog kostura, vratni su kralješci bili su relativno dugi, a [[križna kost]] se sastojala od četiri kralježka, od kojih su barem tri srasla. Acetabularni usjek (''Incisura acetabuli'') bio je uzak ili zatvoren, a na zaobljenom dijelu [[bedrena kost\|bedrene kosti]] (''caput femoris'') ''fovea capitis femoris'' nije postojala.<ref name="Gingerichetal-2001" />

	[[~~File~~:Kutchicetus minimus.jpg\|mini\|lijevo\|Kostur vrste ''Kutchicetus minimus'']]		[[Datoteka:Kutchicetus minimus.jpg\|mini\|lijevo\|Kostur vrste ''Kutchicetus minimus'']]
	Ostaci kostiju glave su česti, s iznimkom zuba, koji se rijetko očuvaju. Morfologija postkranijalnog kostura u potpunosti se temelji na jednom primjerku roda ''[[Kutchicetus]]'', koji je bio malen i imao duga i mišićava leđa i rep. Moguće je da su remintonocetidi plivali kao [[Južna Amerika\|južnoamerička]] [[divovska vidra]], koja se kroz vodu kreće pomoću svog dugog, spljoštenog repa.<ref name="ThewWill-2002">{{Harvnb\|Thewissen\|Williams\|2002\| p=80}}</ref>		Ostaci kostiju glave su česti, s iznimkom zuba, koji se rijetko očuvaju. Morfologija postkranijalnog kostura u potpunosti se temelji na jednom primjerku roda ''[[Kutchicetus]]'', koji je bio malen i imao duga i mišićava leđa i rep. Moguće je da su remintonocetidi plivali kao [[Južna Amerika\|južnoamerička]] [[divovska vidra]], koja se kroz vodu kreće pomoću svog dugog, spljoštenog repa.<ref name="ThewWill-2002">{{Harvnb\|Thewissen\|Williams\|2002\| p=80}}</ref>

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{Cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)

2022-01-02T20:30:37Z

Bot: Automatska zamjena teksta (-{{Cite book +{{Citiranje knjige)

←Starija inačica		Inačica od 20:30, 2. siječnja 2022.
Redak 48:		Redak 48:
	== Literatura ==		== Literatura ==

	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last = Benton \| first = Micheal J.		\| last = Benton \| first = Micheal J.
	\| title = The Fossil Record 2		\| title = The Fossil Record 2
Redak 61:		Redak 61:
	\| year = 2007 \| publisher = Science Publishers		\| year = 2007 \| publisher = Science Publishers
	\| isbn = 978-1-4398-4257-7 \| doi = 10.1201/b11001-3 \| oclc = 646769361 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Bianucci\|Landini\|2007}} -->		\| isbn = 978-1-4398-4257-7 \| doi = 10.1201/b11001-3 \| oclc = 646769361 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Bianucci\|Landini\|2007}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last = Fordyce \| first = R. Ewan		\| last = Fordyce \| first = R. Ewan
	\| chapter = Cetacean evolution and Eocene-Oligocene oceans revisited \| pages = 154–170		\| chapter = Cetacean evolution and Eocene-Oligocene oceans revisited \| pages = 154–170
Redak 67:		Redak 67:
	\| year = 2003 \| publisher = Columbia University Press \| location = New York		\| year = 2003 \| publisher = Columbia University Press \| location = New York
	\| isbn = 9780231127165 \| oclc = 50116197 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Fordyce\|2003}} -->		\| isbn = 9780231127165 \| oclc = 50116197 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Fordyce\|2003}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last1 = Fordyce \| first1 = R. Ewan		\| last1 = Fordyce \| first1 = R. Ewan
	\| last2 = Barnes \| first2 = Lawrence G.		\| last2 = Barnes \| first2 = Lawrence G.
Redak 83:		Redak 83:
	\| year = 1995 \| journal = The Island Arc \| volume = 3 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 373–391		\| year = 1995 \| journal = The Island Arc \| volume = 3 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 373–391
	\| oclc = 4643465301 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Fordyce\|Barnes\|Miyazaki\|1995}} -->		\| oclc = 4643465301 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Fordyce\|Barnes\|Miyazaki\|1995}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last1 = Fordyce \| first1 = R. Ewan		\| last1 = Fordyce \| first1 = R. Ewan
	\| last2 = Muizon \| first2 = Christian, de		\| last2 = Muizon \| first2 = Christian, de
Redak 120:		Redak 120:
	\| year = 1986 \| journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology \| volume = 6 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 326–349		\| year = 1986 \| journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology \| volume = 6 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 326–349
	\| doi = 10.1080/02724634.1986.10011629 \| oclc = 4649653943 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Kumar\|Sahni\|1986}} -->		\| doi = 10.1080/02724634.1986.10011629 \| oclc = 4649653943 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Kumar\|Sahni\|1986}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last1 = McKenna \| first1 = Malcolm C.		\| last1 = McKenna \| first1 = Malcolm C.
	\| last2 = Bell \| first2 = Susan K.		\| last2 = Bell \| first2 = Susan K.
Redak 126:		Redak 126:
	\| year = 1997 \| location = New York \| publisher = Columbia University Press		\| year = 1997 \| location = New York \| publisher = Columbia University Press
	\| isbn = 978-0-231-11013-6 \| oclc = 37345734 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|McKenna\|Bell\|1997}} -->		\| isbn = 978-0-231-11013-6 \| oclc = 37345734 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|McKenna\|Bell\|1997}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last1 = McLeod \| first1 = S. A.		\| last1 = McLeod \| first1 = S. A.
	\| last2 = Barnes \| first2 = L. G.		\| last2 = Barnes \| first2 = L. G.
Redak 141:		Redak 141:
	\| year = 1989 \| journal = Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences \| volume = 46 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 2219–35		\| year = 1989 \| journal = Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences \| volume = 46 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 2219–35
	\| oclc = 41657907 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Mitchell\|1989}} -->		\| oclc = 41657907 \| ref = harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb\|Mitchell\|1989}} -->
	* {{~~Cite book~~		* {{Citiranje knjige
	\| last = Rice \| first = Dale W.		\| last = Rice \| first = Dale W.
	\| title = Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution		\| title = Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution

WikiSysop: Bot: Automatski unos stranica

2021-10-12T01:12:50Z

Bot: Automatski unos stranica

Nova stranica

{{Taksokvir
| boja = pink
| naziv = Remingtonocetidae
| slika = Kutchicetus BW.jpg
| slika_opis= ''[[Kutchicetus]]''
| slika2 = Remingtonocetus BW.jpg
| slika2_opis = ''[[Remingtonocetus]]''
| status = izumrli
| raspon_fosila = [[Eocen]]
| regnum = [[životinje|Animalia]]
| phylum = [[svitkovci|Chordata]]
| classis = [[sisavci|Mammalia]]
| ordo = [[kitovi|Cetacea]]
| subordo = †[[Archaeoceti]]
| familia = †'''Remingtonocetidae'''
| familia_autorstvo = K. Kumar, A. Sahni [[1986.]]
| razdioba_stupanj = Rodovi
| razdioba = Vidjeti tekst
}}

'''Remingtonocetidae''' su raznolika [[porodica (taksonomija)|porodica]] izumrlih ranih vodenih sisavaca iz reda [[kitovi|Cetacea]], koji su bili endemični za obalne prostore drevnog [[Ocean Tetis|oceana Tetis]] (današnji [[Pakistan]] i [[Indija]]) u periodu [[eocen]]a.<ref name="Uhen-2010">{{Harvnb|Uhen|2010.| p=203}}</ref> Živjeli su u razdoblju između 55,8 i 48,6 milijuna godina, što znači da su postojali 7,2 milijuna godina. Naziv porodice potječe od roda ''[[Remingtonocetus]]'', koji je dobio ime po paleocetologu [[Remington Kellogg|Remingtonu Kelloggu]].<ref name="Uhen-2010" />

== Opis ==
Remingtonocetidi su imali duge i uske lubanje s nosnim otvorima na prednjem dijelu lubanje. Očne šupljine bile su malene. U ustima su imali konveksno nepce i ne sasvim spojenu čeljusnu [[simfiza|simfizu]] (''symphysis mandibulae''). Njihova zubna formula glasila je 3.1.4.3|3.1.4.3. Prednji zubi bili su mediolateralno spljošteni, što ih je činilo sličnim zubima [[morski pas|morskih pasa]].<ref name="Gingerichetal-2001">{{Harvnb|Gingerich|Ul-Haq|Khan|Zalmout|2001.| pp=285–7}}</ref>

Što se tiče postkranijalnog kostura, vratni su kralješci bili su relativno dugi, a [[križna kost]] se sastojala od četiri kralježka, od kojih su barem tri srasla. Acetabularni usjek (''Incisura acetabuli'') bio je uzak ili zatvoren, a na zaobljenom dijelu [[bedrena kost|bedrene kosti]] (''caput femoris'') ''fovea capitis femoris'' nije postojala.<ref name="Gingerichetal-2001" />

[[File:Kutchicetus minimus.jpg|mini|lijevo|Kostur vrste ''Kutchicetus minimus'']]
Ostaci kostiju glave su česti, s iznimkom zuba, koji se rijetko očuvaju. Morfologija postkranijalnog kostura u potpunosti se temelji na jednom primjerku roda ''[[Kutchicetus]]'', koji je bio malen i imao duga i mišićava leđa i rep. Moguće je da su remintonocetidi plivali kao [[Južna Amerika|južnoamerička]] [[divovska vidra]], koja se kroz vodu kreće pomoću svog dugog, spljoštenog repa.<ref name="ThewWill-2002">{{Harvnb|Thewissen|Williams|2002| p=80}}</ref>

S dugim i niskim tijelima, relativno kratkim udovima i izduženim kljunom, remingtonocetidi su izgledali kao sisavci krokodili više nego ''[[Ambulocetus]]''. Mogli su i hodati na kopnu i plivati u vodi, te su najvjerojatnije živjeli u obalnim staništima. Barem jedan rod (''[[Dalanistes]]'') hranio se morskim životinjama.<ref name="Uhen-2010" />

Ostaci remingtonocetida se često mogu naći s ostacima somova i krokodila, kao i kitova [[protocetidi|protocetida]] i [[morske krave|morskih krava]]. Vjerojatno nisu bili ovisni o izvorima slatke vode.<ref name="ThewWill-2002" />

== Taksonomija ==
Porodicu Remingtonocetidae osnovali su {{Harvnb|Kumar|Sahni|1986.}}. {{Harvnb|Uhen|2010.}} je smatrao da je ona monofiletična. {{Harvnb|Benton|1993.}} ju je priključilo skupini ''[[Odontoceti]]''; {{Harvnb|Mitchell|1989.}} i {{Harvnb|Rice|1998.}} su je priključili skupini Remingtonocetoidea; {{Harvnb|Bianucci|Landini|2007.}} su je priključili podredu [[Archaeoceti]]; {{Harvnb|Kumar|Sahni|1986.}}, {{Harvnb|Fordyce|Barnes|1994.}}, {{Harvnb|Fordyce|Barnes|Miyazaki|1995.}}, {{Harvnb|McKenna|Bell|1997.}}, {{Harvnb|Fordyce|Muizon|2001.}}, {{Harvnb|Gingerich|Ul-Haq|Khan|Zalmout|2001.}}, {{Harvnb|Fordyce|2003.}}, {{Harvnb|Geisler|Sanders|2003.}} i {{Harvnb|McLeod|Barnes|2008.}} su je također pridružili istom podredu; i na kraju, {{Harvnb|Thewissen|Williams|Hussain|2001.}}, {{Harvnb|Uhen|2010.}} i {{Harvnb|Thewissen|Bajpai|2009.}} su je priključili redu Cetacea.

== Rodovi ==
*''[[Remingtonocetus]]'' (tipična) ({{Harvnb|Kumar|Sahni|1986.}})
*''[[Andrewsiphius]]'' ({{Harvnb|Sahni|Mishra|1975.}})
*''[[Attockicetus]]'' ({{Harvnb|Kumar|Sahni|1986.}}), najstariji rod<ref name="ThewWill-2002" />
*''[[Dalanistes]]'' ({{Harvnb|Gingerich|Arif|Clyde|1995.}})
*''[[Kutchicetus]]'' ({{Harvnb|Thewissen|Hussain|2000.}})

== Izvori ==
{{izvori}}

== Literatura ==

* {{Cite book
| last = Benton | first = Micheal J.
| title = The Fossil Record 2
| year = 1993 | publisher = Springer
| isbn = 9780412393808 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Bianucci | first1 = Giovanni
| last2 = Landini | first2 = Walter
| chapter = Fossil History | pages = 35–93
| title = Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Cetacea: Whales, Porpoises and Dolphins
| editor-last = Miller | editor-first = Debra L.
| year = 2007 | publisher = Science Publishers
| isbn = 978-1-4398-4257-7 | doi = 10.1201/b11001-3 | oclc = 646769361 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Fordyce | first = R. Ewan
| chapter = Cetacean evolution and Eocene-Oligocene oceans revisited | pages = 154–170
| title = From Greenhouse to Icehouse: The Marine Eocene-Oligocene Transition
| year = 2003 | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = New York
| isbn = 9780231127165 | oclc = 50116197 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last1 = Fordyce | first1 = R. Ewan
| last2 = Barnes | first2 = Lawrence G.
| chapter = The evolutionary history of whales and dolphins | pages = 419–55
| editor1-last = Wetherill | editor1-first = George W
| editor2-last = Albee | editor2-first = Arden L
| editor3-last= Burke | editor3-first = K
| year = 1994 | title = Annual Review of Earth Planetary Sciences | volume = 22
| isbn = 9780824320225 | oclc = 30676887 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Fordyce | first1 = R. Ewan
| last2 = Barnes | first2 = Lawrence G.
| last3 = Miyazaki | first3 = N.
| title = General aspects of the evolutionary history of whales and dolphins
| year = 1995 | journal = The Island Arc | volume = 3 | issue = 4 | pages = 373–391
| oclc = 4643465301 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last1 = Fordyce | first1 = R. Ewan
| last2 = Muizon | first2 = Christian, de
| chapter = Evolutionary history of whales: a review | pages = 169–234
| editor1-last = Mazin | editor1-first = Jean-Michel
| editor2-last = Buffrenil | editor2-first = Vivian, de
| title = Secondary adaptation of tetrapods to life in water. Proceedings of the international meeting, Poitiers, 1996
| year = 2001 | publisher = Verlag Dr Friedriech Pfeil | location = München
| isbn = 9783931516888 | oclc = 52121251 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Geisler | first1 = Jonathan H.
| last2 = Sanders | first2 = Albert E.
| title = Morphological Evidence for the Phylogeny of Cetacea
| year = 2003 | journal = Journal of Mammalian Evolution | volume = 10 | issue = 1/2 | pages = 23–129
| oclc = 361831220 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Gingerich | first1 = Philip D.
| last2 = Arif | first2 = Muhammad
| last3 = Clyde | first3 = William C.
| title = New Archaeocetes (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene Domanda Formation of the Sulaiman Range, Punjab (Pakistan)
| year = 1995 | journal = Contributions from Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan | volume = 29 | issue = 11 | pages = 291–330
| url = http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48650 | accessdate = veljače 2013.
| oclc = 34123868 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Gingerich | first1 = Philip D.
| last2 = Ul-Haq | first2 = Munir
| last3 = Khan | first3 = Intizar Hussain
| last4 = Zalmout | first4 = Iyad S.
| title = Eocene stratrigraphy and archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) of Drug Lahar in the eastern Sulaiman range, Balochistan (Pakistan)
| year = 2001 | journal = Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan | volume = 30 | issue = 11 | pages = 269–319
| url = http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48661 | accessdate = veljače 2013. | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Kumar | first1 = K.
| last2 = Sahni | first2 = A.
| title = ''Remingtonocetus harudiensis'', new combination, a middle Eocene archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from western Kutch, India
| year = 1986 | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 326–349
| doi = 10.1080/02724634.1986.10011629 | oclc = 4649653943 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last1 = McKenna | first1 = Malcolm C.
| last2 = Bell | first2 = Susan K.
| title = Classification of mammals above the species level
| year = 1997 | location = New York | publisher = Columbia University Press
| isbn = 978-0-231-11013-6 | oclc = 37345734 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last1 = McLeod | first1 = S. A.
| last2 = Barnes | first2 = L. G.
| chapter = A new genus and species of Eocene protocetid archaeocete whale (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Atlantic Coastal plain
| title = Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of Western and Southern North America
| editor1-last = Wang | editor1-first = Xiaoming
| editor2-last = Barnes | editor2-first = Lawrence G.
| year = 2008 | journal = Science Series, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County | volume = 41 | pages = 73–98
| url = http://www.nhm.org/site/sites/default/files/pdf/contrib_science/SS-41.pdf | accessdate =
veljače 2013. | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last = Mitchell | first = Edward D.
| title = A new cetacean from the late Eocene La Meseta Formation, Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula
| year = 1989 | journal = Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | volume = 46 | issue = 12 | pages = 2219–35
| oclc = 41657907 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Rice | first = Dale W.
| title = Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution
| year = 1998 | publisher = The Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication | series = Special publication (Society for Marine Mammalogy), 4 | pages = 1–231
| isbn = 9781891276033 | oclc = 40622084 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Sahni | first1 = Ashok
| last2 = Mishra | first2 = Vijay Prakash
| title = Lower Tertiary vertebrates from western India
| year = 1975 | journal = Monograph of the PaleontologicalSociety of India | volume = 3 | pages = 1–48
| oclc = 3566369 | asin = B0007AL8UE | ref = harv}}
* {{cite journal
| last1 = Thewissen | first1 = J.G.M.
| last2 = Bajpai | first2 = Sunil
| title = New Skeletal Material of Andrewsiphius and Kutchicetus, Two Eocene Cetaceans from India
| year = 2009 | journal = Journal of Paleontology | volume = 83 | issue = 5 | pages = 635–663
| doi = 10.1666/08-045.1 | oclc = 4631929027 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Thewissen | first1 = J.G.M.
| last2 = Hussain | first2 = S.T.
| title = Attockicetus praecursor, a new remingtonocetid cetacean from marine Eocene sediments of Pakistan
| year = 2000 | journal = Journal of Mammalian Evolution | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 133–46
| doi = 10.1023/A:1009458618729 | oclc = 362777268 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Thewissen | first1 = J.G.M.
| last2 = Williams | first2 = E.M.
| title = The Early Radiations of Cetacea (Mammalia): Evolutionary Pattern and Developmental Correlations
| year = 2002 | journal = Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics | volume = 33 | pages = 73–90
| url = http://140.220.1.9/DEPTS/ANAT/Thewissen/pdf/2002ThewWillAnnRev.pdf
| accessdate = veljače 2013. | doi = 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426 | oclc = 4656321698 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Thewissen | first1 = J.G.M.
| last2 = Williams | first2 = E.M.
| last3 = Hussain | first3 = S.T.
| title = Eocene mammal faunas from northern Indo-Pakistan
| year = 2001 | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 347–366
| doi = 10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0347:EMFFNI]2.0.CO;2 | oclc = 631973716 | ref = harv}}
* {{Cite journal
| last = Uhen | first = Mark D
| title = The Origin(s) of Whales
| year = 2010 | journal = Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | volume = 38 | pages = 189–219
| doi = 10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152453 | bibcode = 2010AREPS..38..189U | ref = harv}}

[[Kategorija:Archaeoceti]]